Hair-waving appliance and method



R. G. LELAND 1,779,280

HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE AND METHOD Oct. 21, 1930.

Filed Nov. 13, 1929 lNVENTOR WITNESS R.@.Zelana( 7 l f q BY 7 ATTORN EYPatented Oct. 21, 1930 PATENT OFFICE RAGNVALD s. LELAND, or mmimes,uonrnu:

HAIR-WAVING APPLIANCE AND METHOD Application filed November 13, 1829.Serial No. 406,923.

This invention relates to the waving of hair upon the human head andmore particularly to the production of lasting waves such as are knownas permanent waves.

A primary object of this invention is to so construct a waving iron orrod on which the hair is to be wound so that a close wave may beobtained on the part of the hair next to the head and the ends of thehair may also be formed in ringlets or curls.

In permanent waving as it is done today the hair is either wound on asingle rod from the scal towards the ends of the hair or from the en stowards the scalp, both of which methods are objectionable for thereason that in the first instance a tight wave is produced against theseal while the ends are left uncurled while wit the latter methods theends are curled and the portion adjacent the scalp is too loose andwide. Therefore an object of this invention is to produce an iron or rodby the use of which a curl may be formed which will have the desiredwave adjacent the scalp and the ends be formed in a ringlet and whichmay be accomplished in a single operation. It is of course wellunderstood by permanent wave operators that the hair must be stretchedand tight in order to obtain a good curl and ti ht curly end.

Another object of the invention is to so construct and use a rod or ironof this character that the hair will be held securely against slippingafter the hair has been tightened and hence much time is saved inaddition to the formation of proper waves adj acent the scalp andringlet curled ends.

In carrying out these objects, the invention is susceptible of a widerange of modification without departing from the spirit or sacrificingany of the advantages of the claimed invention; there being shown in thedrawings for illustrative purposes a preferred and practical form,in'which:

Figure 1 represents a 'side elevation of an iron constructed inaccordance with this invention with the hair shown wrapped thereon :eadyfor insertion in the sheath;

Fig. 2 is a similar view with the smaller iron shown in 0 en position indotted lines and closed in in lines;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on the line 4.l of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section through the iron;

Fig. 6 shows a side elevation of a slightly different form of ironembodying the invention with the small rod shown open in dotted linesand closed in full lines;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the smaller rod used in the formshown in Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 the iron 1 on which thehair to be waved is wound is composed of two rods 2 and 10 respectivelydesigned to be arranged in arallel relation to each other when ready orinsertion in the sheath of the permanent Waving machine and on one ofwhich the hair adjacent the scalp is first wrapped and then theremainder or end portion is wound on the other rod which is smaller thanthe first and thus provides for the proper formation of a wave which istightly curled adjacent the scalp and has its end made in the form of aringlet.

The smaller rod 10 is detaehably mounted on the larger rod 2 by anysuitable means, collars 3 and 4 being here shown for this purpose whichare designed'to he slipped onto the rod 2 and held in engagementtherewith by any suitable means either by friction or by some positiveengagement between the sleeve and the rod 2 to prevent them from turningrelatively to each other. These sleeves fit closely the rod on whichthey are mounted and are spaced apart a proper distance one being nearone end and the other near the opposite end as is shown clearly in thedrawing. Extending laterally from the sleeves 3 and 4 are lugs 5 and 6,the lug 5 at the front end of the rod being apertured for a purposepresently to be described and the In 6 at the other end being slotted.

he rear end of the rod 2 has a knurled finger grip 7 to facilitate itsmanipulation.

The smaller rod 10 designed for curling the ends of the hair is composedof two hingedly connected members 11 and 12 the member 11 being in theform of a tapered rod while the member 12 is adapted to fit partiallyaround said rod and operates as a clamp to secure the ends of the hairto the rod. Oiled paper is preferably engaged with the ends of the hairbefore they are clamped between the members 11 and 12 of the small iron.After the ends have been so clamped the hair is wound on the rod 10until the rod is brought into close proximity to rod 2. Then the frontor smaller end of the rod 10 is inserted in the a erture of lug 5 and byturning the rod 10 Further the hair 18 tlghtened and stretched and whenit has been stretched to the desired tension the fiat portion 14 of therod 10 is inserted in the slot of lug 6 thereby securely locking the rod10 to the rod 2. After the ends of the hair have been so wrapped aroundrod 10 and the rod fastened to rod 2 the rod 2 may be further turned totighten the hair near the scal p and the device is then ready forinsertlon 1n the sheath of the heating machine.

It will thus be seen that by constructing the curler in the manner abovedescribed and wrapping the hair thereon first on the larger and then onthe smaller rod the ends being on the small rod will produce a tightringlet curl on the ends of the hair and with a wider wave toward thescalp. The use of the small rod in the manner above described preventsslipping of the hair after it 1s tightened and fastened in the lock andthe tightening of the hair is an important feature toward producing aproper curl.

It will also be observed that the rod 10 may be detached from rod 2 whendesired by simply lifting it out of the slot 1n the lug 6 anddisengaging the end from lug 5. The sleeves 3 and 4 may then be removedfrom rod 2 and the rod used in any other desired manner.

In the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the rod 10 is provided with adetachable handle 15 here shown mounted in a socket in the end of themember or rod 11 while in the other figures this handle is made integralwith the rod 11.

In the process of permanent waving known as the croquinole process a rodsimilar to the rod 2 is used starting at the ends of the hair andwinding or wrapping the hair spread out the width of the rod on top onelayer on the other all the way to the scalp. If the hair is short (fromthree to five inches long) the process makes fine ringlet curled hair,but if the hair is long (six to twelve inches) or of fine texture, therewill 'be too much hair rolled on top of one another making the wave nextto the scalp too loose and wide. This is done with the short rod. Inanother rocess a long rod is used and the hair wound mm the scalptowards the ends, but the ends have no chance to be curly as they do onthe croquinole rod, this is due to the fact that the rod gradually growslarger towards the end on which the ends of the hair is wound. Hence byapplicants curler and the method of winding thereon the proper wave atthe scalp is produced with ringlets at the ends of the hair which isvery desirable and is required by most patrons.

The method of waving the hair by use of the iron above describedconsists in dividing the hair into tresses or sections and winding eachsection for a portion of its length on the lar er rod 2 from the scalptowards the end of the tress and then clamping the free end of the tressto the smaller rod 10 between the members 11 and 12. The end ispreferably first encased in paper to insure the proper winding of theindividual strands. After so clamping the free end of the tress the rodis turned to wind the hair tightly thereon and when it closelyapproaches the rod 2 the smaller end of rod 10 is inserted in theapertured lug 5 and further turning of the rod 10 tightens and stretchesthe hair. When the desired tension has been reached the flat portion ofrod 10 is inserted in the slot of lug 6 and two rods 2 and 10 with hairWrapped or wound thereon are thereb securely locked together and alldanger of slipping of the hair is prevented. The curl or tress is thenready for further treatment prior to the application of heat and sincethis treatment constitutes no part of this invention it will not bedescribed.

Without further description it is thought that the features andadvantages of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled inthe art, and it will, of course, be understood that changes in the form,proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention or its scope as claimed.

I claim:

1. A method of producing waved hair which consists in dividing the hairinto tresses and winding each tress from the top towards the end of thetress for a portion of the length of the tress, and then securing thefree end of the tress and winding it from its free end inward, the hairbeing stretched and tightened during the winding operation.

2. A method of producing waved hair which consists in dividing the hairinto tresses and winding each tress from the top towards the end of thetress for a portion of the length of the tress, and then securing thefree end of the tress and winding the tress from its free end inward,the hair being stretched and tightened during the winding operation, andthen securing the hair in wound position.

3. A method of producing waved hair rods,

sertion in said aperture, an

which consists in winding a tres of hair partly on a large rodv andpartly on a smaller rod, the portion wound on the smaller rod being atthe end of the tress, and then securin the hair against unwinding.

4. i hair waver comprising two winding one of larger diameter than theother, means for connecting the rods in parallel relation and holdingthem against turning relatively to each other, the smaller rod havingclam ing means for connecting a tress of hair t ereto.

5. A hair waver comprisin two winding rods, one lar er in diameter t antheother, one of sai rods having longitudinally s aced laterallyextending lugs projecting t erefrom, the other rod having means fordetachable engagement with said In s, whereby the rods are held inparallel re ation.

6. A hair waver comprising two winding rods, one larger in diameter thanthe other, one of said rods having longitudinally spaced laterallyextending lugs projecting therefrom, the other rod having means fordetachable engagement with said lugs, whereby the rods are held inparallel relation, the smaller rod having a hair clamp carried thereby.

7. A hair waver comprising two winding rods, one of larger diameter thanthe other, laterally exten ing longitudinally s aced lugs carried by thelarger rod, one 0 said lugs having an aperture and the other a slot, thesmaller rod having one end pointed for insertion in said aperture, andthe other end flattened to engage said slot, whereby the rods areconnected and held against turning relatively to each other.

8. A hair waver comprising two winding rods, one of lar er diameter thanthe other, laterally exten ing longitudinall spaced lugs carried by thelar er rod, sai lugs one having an aperture an smaller rod having oneend ointed for ind the other end flattened to engage said slot wherebythe rods are connected and held against turning relative to each other,and a clamp carried by said smaller rod for holding the hair to becurled.

9. A method of producing waved hair which consists in forming in a sinle operation a curl having a close wave ad acent the roots of the hairwith its end in the form of a ringlet.

RAGNVALD G. LELAND.

the other a slot, the Y

